LIMA (AFP) -
Peru's Shining Path leader Abimael Guzman, already serving a life sentence, was sentenced to a second life term on Tuesday, for a 1992 car bombing in Lima that killed 25 people.
Three judges on the National Criminal Court issued life sentences for Guzman as well as nine other leaders of the Maoist insurgency.
The trial for the case -- famous for alarming people in the capital who were not used it it being so close to home -- took 20 months. The sentencing, a six-hour hearing, was broadcast on live television.
When the terrorist group launched its campaign in 1980, its goal was to overthrow the government in Lima and installing a "dictatorship of the proletariat" on the way to global communism.
Since authorities captured Guzman in 1992, the group's activities declined sharply. Former president Alberto Fujimori took a famously tough line against them.
The Peruvian army was at the time notorious for human rights violations, and some rural farmers thought there might be more peace with the rebels.
In the end Fujimori allowed local self-defense groups to take aim at the Shining Path.
A 2003 report by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission found that 69,280 people were killed in two decades of armed conflict -- 1980 to 2000. It found the insurgency responsible for just under half the killings, 31,331.
A third were killed by government security forces and local militias. The rest were not attributed.
(Note: The Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement --also known as Shining Path--(Spanish: Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Amaru, abbreviated MRTA) was a Peruvian radical group which started in the early 1980s. The group was led by Víctor Polay Campos until he was sentenced to 32 years imprisonment in 1992[1] and by Néstor Cerpa Cartolini ("Comrade Evaristo") until his death in 1997.
(Note: The Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement --also known as Shining Path--(Spanish: Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Amaru, abbreviated MRTA) was a Peruvian radical group which started in the early 1980s. The group was led by Víctor Polay Campos until he was sentenced to 32 years imprisonment in 1992[1] and by Néstor Cerpa Cartolini ("Comrade Evaristo") until his death in 1997.
The MRTA took its name in homage to Túpac Amaru II, an 18th-century rebel leader who was himself named after his claimed ancestor Túpac Amaru, the last indigenous leader of the Inca people. MRTA was designated a terrorist organization by the Peruvian government, the US Department of State and the European Parliament[2][3] but was later removed from the United States State Department list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations on October 8, 2001.
At the height of its strength, the movement had several hundred active members. Its stated goals were to establish a socialist state and rid the country of all imperialist elements.[4].
Its last major action resulted in the 1997 Japanese embassy hostage crisis. In December 1996, 14 MRTA members occupied the Japanese Ambassador's residence in Lima, holding 72 hostages for more than four months. Under orders from then-President Alberto Fujimori, armed forces stormed the residence in April 1997, rescuing all but one of the remaining hostages and killing all 14 MRTA militants. Fujimori was publicly acclaimed for the decisive action, but the affair was later tainted by subsequent revelations that at least three, and perhaps as many as eight, of the MRTistas were summarily executed after they surrendered..)
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